๐What is HTML?๐
1). แើ HTML แឺแាแข្แី? (What is HTML?)
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) แាแแ័แแា แាแាแแ្แាแ់ webpage แើ internet។ แាแាแិแីแិแេแแួแแែแแើแแ្แើแើแ្แីแแ្แើแแេแ แំแ័แ (website) แូแ แា แขแ្แแแ แូแแាแ แិแแ ្แើแแៀแ។ แាแូแ แាแាแแ្แើแ្แแាแแแ៌แ្แេแแแ្แា แិแแ្แីแแ័แแើแ្แីแៀแแ ំแៀแแៅแូแแាแแួแ។
แ ំแុแ แំแាแ់แแแแ់ HTML แាแ:
- Hypertext: แឺแាแំแแ្แាแ់แេแ แំแ័แแแៃแៀแ។
- Markup: แឺแាแូแแែแแួแแៀแแ ំแំแ័แแขោแแាแแแ្แាแ។
- Language: แឺแាแូแแែแแแ្แแិแីแข៊ិแแឺแแែแแแ់แាแ។
แงแាแ แแ៍แូแ HTML แួแแ្แា:
<p>This is a paragraph in HTML.</p>
แូแแេះแួแแแ្แ ាแแា This is a paragraph in HTML. (แាแขแ្แแแแ្แុแ HTML)
2). แ្แแแ្แិแ្แីแแៃ HTML (A Brief History of HTML)
HTML แ្แូแแាแแแ្แើแแกើแแៅแ្แាំ 1991 แោแแោแ Tim Berners-Lee។ แាแូแ แាแាแแแ្แើแแាแាแ្แីแួแแแ្แាแ់แុំแ្แូแ័แ។ แ ាแ់แាំแแីแេแแោះแแ แាแាแแែแแ្แขแាแ ្แើแแแ แូแ แាแាแแแ្แែแแាแ្แแ្แីแแៅแ្แុแแแ แាแុแ្แแ។
HTML แាแแើแแกើแแ៉ាแแ ្แើแ:
- HTML 1.0 (1991): แាแំแែแំแួแแំแូแ។
- HTML 4.01 (1999): แាแแ្แើแฑ្แแ្แแើแแាแួแแុแแាแแ្แី។
- HTML5 (2014): แាแ្แែแแแ ្แ ុแ្แแ្แ, แขាแ แแ្แ ូแแីแេแขូ แិแแข្แីแ្แេแแแៀแแាแ។
แงแាแ แแ៍แៃ HTML5:
<video controls>
<source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
HTML5 แขាแ แួแแแ្แ ូแแីแេแขូแោแแ្แើแแแแៅแឹแ <video> tag។
3). แួแាแីแแแ់ HTML แ្แុแแាแแขแិแแ្แแ៍แេแ แំแ័แ (The Role of HTML in Web Development)
HTML แឺแូแ แាแ្แขឹแแៃแេแ แំแ័แ។ แាแ្แាแ់แុំแ្แូแ័แแីแแៀแแៀแแ ំแข្แីแแៅแើแេแ แំแ័แ។ แแ្แាแ់แแ แើแแ្แើแិแីแ្แេแแៀแแើแ្แីแ្แើแฑ្แแាแើแแៅแ្แขាแ แិแแាแแ แแា។ แាแួแแ្แแ់แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แ แ ើแแាแแ្แោះแ ំแុแ แំแាแ់แ:
- HTML: แ្แិแแៅแ្แុแแើแแំแាแ់แแแ់แេแ แំแ័แ។
- CSS: แួแแ្แើแฑ្แแាแ្แขាแ។
- JavaScript: แួแแ្แើแฑ្แแាแាแแแแ្แแាแ។
แงแាแ แแ៍แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแួแแៃแฏแแាแ HTML៖
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Web Page</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <!-- CSS Styling -->
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>This is a simple webpage.</p>
<script src="script.js"></script> <!-- JavaScript for Interactivity-->
</body>
</html>
แ្แុแแงแាแ แแ៍แេះ:
- <link> tag แាแូแแែแแ្แាแ់แេแ แំแ័แแៅแឹแแฏแแាแ CSS แ្แែแแាแแ្แៅ แើแ្แីแ្แើแฑ្แแំแ័แแាแแូแแាแแ្แขាแ។
- <script> tag แាแូแแែแแ្แាแ់แៅแឹแแฏแแាแ JavaScript แ្แែแแាแแ្แៅ แើแ្แីแ្แើแฑ្แแំแ័แแាแแแแ្แแាแ (แូแ แាแ៊ូแុแแិแแแแ្แแាแแ្แេแแ)។
4). แแ แាแแ្แ័แ្แแូแแ្แាแแៃแฏแแាแ HTML (Basic Structure of an HTML Document)
แฏแแាแ HTML แាแแ្แែแแំแាแ់แแូแ แាแ្แាแ (head) แិแแួแ្แួแ (body)។ Head แឺแแ្แាแ់แ័แ៌แាแแែแแើแแិแแើแ แ ើแ body แឺแแ្แាแ់แข្แីแែแแើแแើแแៅแើแេแ แំแ័แ។ แฏแแាแ HTML แួแแាแแាแแំแាแ់แแូแ แា:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>แំแុំแែแแแ HTML</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>แ្แាแแแ៍แแแាแ់ HTML</h1>
<p>แេះแាแំแុំ HTML แួแ។</p>
</body>
</html>Explanation:
- <!DOCTYPE html>: แแ្แ ាแแាแฏแแាแแេះแាแฏแแាแ HTML5។
- <html>: แាแាแុแំแូแแែแแាแแាแុ HTML แ្แេแแៀแแាំแแขแ់แៅแ្แុแแា។
- <head>: แាแแแ៌แាแแขំแីแฏแแាแ (แូแ แាแ ំแแแើแ แិแแុแแขแ្แแ)។
- <meta charset="UTF-8">: แួแแขោแแฏแแាแแขាแ แขាแแាแแាแ ្แើแแាแា។
- <title>: แแ្แ ាแแ ំแแแើแแៅแើแ្แាំแแแ្แแិแីแข៊ិแแឺแแែแ។
- <body>: แាแแាแិแាแែแแขាแ แើแแាแ, แួแแាแแขแ្แแแ, แូแแាแ, แិแแំแแ្แាแ់។
5). HTML, CSS, แិแ JavaScript៖ แแៀแแែแแួแแាแ្แើแាแแាแួแแ្แា (HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: How They Work Together)
- HTML แួแแ្แแ់แាแ្แាแแូแแ្แាแแแ្แាแ់แេแ แំแ័แ។
- CSS แួแแុแแែแแขแ្แแแ แិแแូแแាแ (แូแ แាแแ៌, แ្แแ់, แិแแុแแขแ្แแ)។
- JavaScript แួแแ្แើแฑ្แแេแ แំแ័แแขាแ แាแแแแ្แแាแ (แូแ แាแ៊ូแុแ, แ្แាំแแំแេแแ័แ៌แាแ, แិแ animations)។
แงแាแ แแ៍แៃ integration:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Styled Webpage</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <!-- External CSS -->
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>Welcome to my webpage.</p>
<button id="btn">Click Me!</button>
<script>
document.getElementById('btn').onclick = function() {
alert('Button clicked!');
};
</script> <!-- Inline JavaScript -->
</body>
</html>6). แាแៈแំแាแ់แៃ HTML แែแแាแแขแ្แแ័แ (The Importance of Semantic HTML)
HTML แែแแាแแขแ្แแ័แแាแแ័แแាแាแแ្แើแាแ្แแ្แឹแแ្แូแแើแ្แីแแ៌แាแข្แីแែแแើแแំแុแแแ្แ ាแ។ แាแួแแฑ្แแុំแ្แូแ័แ แិแแแុแ្แแแ់แាแ់แែแ ្แាแ់แីแข្แីแែแแៅแើแេแ แំแ័แ។ แួแแขោแแេแ แំแ័แแាแแ្แួแแ្แុแแាแแ្แើแ្แាแ់ แិแแួแแ្แแ័แ្แแ្แែแแแ (SEO) แើแ្แីแแแាแិแាแាแแ្แข។
แงแាแ แแ៍แขแ្แแแแេแ៉แ់แីแแ្แុแ HTML แាแแូแ แា:
- <article>: แ្แើแแ្แាแ់แាแិแាแួแแាแ ់แោแแกែแ (แូแ แាแ្แแ់)។
- <header>: แំแៅแៅแើแ្แាแแៃแ្แែแ แฌแំแ័แ។
- <footer>: แំแៅแៅแើแ ុแแ្แោแแៃแ្แែแ แฌแំแ័แ។
- <nav>: แំแៅแើแ៉ឺแុแ (menu) Navigates ។
Non-Semantic HTML:
<div>Content</div>
Semantic HTML:
<article>Content</article>
แេแ แ្แីแแុแ (Summary):
แេះแឺแាแាแแแ្แแ់แាแแ្แแขំแី HTML។ แាแូแ แាแាแแ្แើแាแាแិแេแแួแแើแ្แីแ្แាแ់แុំแ្แូแ័แแីแแៀแแแ្แ ាแแ័แ៌แាแแៅแើแេแ แំแ័แ។ แើแแ្แើแាแាแួแแงแแแแ៍แ្แេแแៀแแើแ្แីแ្แើแฑ្แแេแ แំแ័แแើแแៅแ្แขាแ แិแแាแแ្แួแแ្แើแ្แាแ់។